Clinicopathological Correlates of Adrenal †Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Clinicopathological Correlates of Adrenal. Answer: Presentation: Raised degrees of cortisol hormone are for the most part liable for the event of Cushing condition. Cortisol is primarily delivered by adrenal organs in the body. Cortisol performs significant capacities in the body like guideline of pulse and ordinary working of cardiovascular framework. Cortisol is likewise useful in reacting to pressure and using starches, proteins and fats in the usable vitality. Be that as it may, raised degrees of cortisol, disturb these physiological procedures and lead to improvement of Cushing condition. Cortisol levels in MV may increment because of elevated levels of pressure, lack of healthy sustenance, melancholy and significant levels of enthusiastic pressure. Cortisol levels in an individual can likewise increment because of athletic preparing, liquor addiction and frenzy issue. High dosages of calming drugs like corticosteroids may expand cortisol levels. Pituitary organ discharges increasingly adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) hormone in pituitary organ tum or. This expansion in the adrenocorticotroic hormone is known as Cushings sickness. Adrenal organ variation from the norm or tumor may cuase Cushings condition. Indeed, even though70 80 % instances of the Cushing's disorder happen because of over the top emission of ACTH from the pituitary adenomas, it is obvious that solitary 10 15 % pituitary adenomas mystery unnecessary ACTH. Despite the fact that roughly 10 % instances of the Cushing's condition happen because of inordinate discharge of cortisol from the adrenal adenomas, it is apparent that lone 6 % adrenal adenomas mystery exorbitant cortisol. In any case, careful etiology of unnecessary emission of ACTH from pituitary adenomas and cortisol discharge from adrenal adenomas has not been entrenched. Hereditary examinations built up that change in the ubiquitin-explicit protease 8 is liable for Cushing's sickness 1,2. Contrast between Cushings condition and Cushings infection: Tumor in the adrenal organ creates more measure of cortisol. This prompts the advancement of Cushings condition. Cushings condition can likewise be created because of tumor in the pituitary organ. Cushings condition is the gathering of manifestations where cortisol levels stays raised for the more extended span. Tumor in the pituitary organ creates more measure of ACTH. This ACTH invigorates more emission of cortisol from the adrenal organ. This sort of Cushings disorder is called as Cushings sickness. Tumors created by ACTH can be delivered anyplace in the body and these are named as ectopic tumors. Long haul steroid organization is one of the reasons for Cushings disorder. Cushings ailment may happen because of the endogenous variables such as self-overproduction of cortisol by the body. Endogenous over-creation of cortisol may happen because of pituitary tumor (Cushings infection), adrenal tumor and ectopic tumors3. Nerve center is the piece of mind underneath which pituitary organ is available. Corticotropin-discharging hormone (CRH) is emitted by paraventricular core (PVN) of the nerve center. CRH invigorates pituitary organ to mystery ACTH. ACTH gets moved through blood and as result adrenal organ gets invigorated to mystery cortisol. Zona fasciculata is the area of cortex of adrenal organ which is answerable for the emission of cortisol. Corticosteroid hormones are heavily influenced by nerve center pituitary-adrenal pivot. Corticosteroids display most noticeable metabolic movement during the postprandial period. During this period, these hormones carry on as contra-separate hormones. Henceforth, it gives substrates to oxidative digestion and invigorate lipolysis and proteolysis. This outcomes in the arrival of unsaturated fats and amino acids which initiate glucose creation by invigorating gluconeogenesis and repressing glycogen combination. Raised degrees of cortisol are answerable for the negative criticism which is liable for the decreased emission of ACTH. Pathophysiology: In a wide range of etiologies of Cushing disorder, there are raised degrees of cortisol. Cortisol emitting adenoma in the cortex of adrenal organ happens in Cushings disorder. This adenoma of cortex of adrenal organ may be of essential hypercortisolism or hypercorticism types. Cushings disorder because of raised degrees of ACTH is known as ectopic Cushing condition. Patients with extreme hypercortisolism are related with the phenotypes like glucose prejudice, dyslipidaemia, metabolic bone infection, and unusual weight gain. Then again patients with mellow or moderate hypercortisolism are seldom connected with glucose narrow mindedness, dyslipidaemia, metabolic bone malady, and anomalous weight gain. Henceforth, it is hard to separate these patients from different patients with metabolic disorder. There is introduction of striae, supraclavicular fat cushions, and proximal muscle shortcoming in patients with expanded hypercortisolism6. Raised degrees of corticosteroids brings about the increased creation of glucose at the degree of liver and skeletal muscle. In liver corticosteroids increment levels of glucose by invigorating gluconeogenesis and repressing insulin affectability. Corticosteroids invigorate gluconeogenesis by following up on various qualities liable for glucose digestion. Corticosteroids diminish insulin affectability by applying hostile impact on metabolic activity of insulin which is most significant hormone required for concealment of glucose production7,8. Corticosteroids decline articulation and phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)- 1, phosphatidylinositol-3kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (PKB/AKT). Therefore, there is decline in movement of glucose transporter GLUT4 to the cell surface which brings about the decrease of glucose take-up. It likewise prompts lessening of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)- 3 phosphorylation and results in the diminishing of glycogen union. In skeletal muscles, corticosteroids increment insulin obstruction which brings about the diminished glucose take-up and counteraction of glycogen amalgamation. Corticosteroids show impact on insulin opposition by straightforwardly following up on the insulin receptor or change in the insulin work by adjusting lipid and protein metabolism9,10. Corticosteroids likewise assume conspicuous job in the controlling fat tissue separation, conveyance and digestion. Corticosteroids can animate separation of pre-adipocytes in adipocytes. Expanded adipocytes are related with raised muscle to fat ratio mass. Corticosteroid explicitly follow up on instinctive fat and not on the fringe fat. Subsequently, corticosteroids are related with focal stoutness in Cushings disorder. Corticosteroids likewise assume job in the arrival of hormone like adipokine which is liable for the advancement of insulin obstruction. Co-event of insulin obstruction and expanded instinctive fat can prompt the advancement of metabolic condition which is related with hindrance in the glucose digestion. Metabolic condition involves instinctive heftiness, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Impact of corticosteroids on the pancreatic beta cells bring about the diminished insulin discharge. Corticosteroids display impact on insulin emission in portion ward and time s ubordinate way. Corticosteroid display impact on various strides of insulin discharge like glucose take-up, glucose use and calcium transitions and exocytosis of granules containing insulin. Glucose transporter GLUT2 and glucokinase articulation gets decreased due to corticosteroids11,12. Corticosteroids can change AMP-initiated protein kinase (AMPK) movement in tissue explicit way. Concealment of AMPK is corresponding to hypercortisolism. Because of tissue explicit exercises, AMPK builds craving, instinctive heftiness and dyslipidemia. Upon enactment, AMPK assumes key job in glycolysis and unsaturated fat amalgamation which produces ATP. Because of hormone-touchy lipase (HSL), there is expanded degree of lipids structure fat tissue which lead to advancement of adipocytes. 11 - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11 H SD1) is answerable for the enactment of cortisol from the idle cortisone. 11 H SD1 overexpressed in develop adipocytes in conditions like hepatic steatosis and there is expanded degrees of cholesterol and triglycerides. 11 H SD1 is likewise connected with insulin obstruction. Cardiovascular entanglements related with corticosteroids incorporate fundamental blood vessel hypertension, atherosclerosis, and thromboembolism. It has been set up that raised degrees of corticosteroid can prompt the expansion in renin-angiotensin framework, invigorated thoughtful sensory system and endothelin framework. It likewise prompts decreased nitric oxide (NO) union and kallikrein-kinin framework. Patients of Cushings condition are related with irreversible blood vessel solidness. Endothelin, homocysteine, vascular endothelial factor, adrenomedulin, and cell grip particles are the markers of endothelial brokenness and are liable for vascular endothelial and smooth muscle expansion and fibrosis around vessels and thusly advancement of atherosclerosis plaques. In subclinical Cushings condition both systolic and diastolic hypertension can happen. Circulatory strain can hoist in patients with Cushings condition because of ACTH invigorated cortisol level15,16. Corticosteroids li kewise creates immunosuppression and neuropsychiatric difficulties. Ectopic ACTH creation lead to Cushings condition and neurocognitive impedance. Neuropsychiatric disarranges related with Cushings disorder are significant sadness, lunacy, tension, and psychological impairment17. Bone intricacies related with corticosteroids incorporate osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Osteoporosis may happen in patients with Cushings disorder because of expanded bone reabsorption, diminished bone development, decreased intestinal calcium ingestion and expanded urinary calcium excretion18. Sub-atomic Pathology: Adrenocortical carcinomas are related with clinical hypercortisolism and androgen overproduction. Raised degrees of urinary metab

When Some Cities Tend to Modernize and Others Tend to Conserve Traditionalism?

Presentation It can happen that occasionally you have an individual debate with a relative, companion or neighbor, or a legitimate question including business. There are three fundamental ways as options in contrast to going to court to determine a debate in China: arrangement, intervention and discretion, they are ADR. ADR implies â€Å"Alternative Dispute Resolution† and it alludes to different procedures, normally utilized in common law custom, which share practically speaking the point of a superior correspondence between the gatherings during a question and the sparing in administrative and legitimate time, cost and stress (Bevan, 1992).We can unmistakably recognize the upsides of the ADR, contrasting with the conventional debate settlement at court. ADR forms are snappier, as they can be masterminded inside days or weeks as opposed to months or years (case of one case in prosecution). They are likewise more affordable, as prior settlements spare administrative time and t hey are private. They are intentional, which implies that the gatherings are allowed to exit each time without meddling the lawful methodology and their privileges (Bevan, 1992). Intercession, one of the most utilized ADR, includes an impartial outsider, called a middle person, to help the contesting gatherings to arrive at an agreement.Mediation in China has been existed in China for over 2,000 years. It was utilized in the Western Zhou Dynasty (1146 BC-771 BC) and afterward utilized during the Qin Dynasty (221 BC-207 BC). There was constantly an inclination for intervention all through all the historical backdrop of Imperial China. The intercession framework and the lawful framework were grown together after the foundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949. Individuals' Mediation Committees showed up during this period, helping nearby individuals to determine common debates and to protect agreement in the society.However, the Mao's financial changes have brought some physi cal and social changes of the Chinese urban communities. Changes have advanced the improvement of the legitimate framework and other formal lawful foundations. They have likewise allowed progressively singular opportunities, since the decentralization of the political control. Additionally, the quickly developing financial turns of events, the modernization and the Westernization have prompted the spirit of new urban areas which advocate the thoughts of independence, rivalry and private space, thoughts absolutely at something contrary to the Chinese customary culture which advocates he social agreement in network and society. In my article, I will attempt to respond to this inquiry: To what degree the job of the People's intercession boards of trustees in China currently is as yet huge when a few urban areas will in general modernize and others will in general monitor conventionalism? To begin with, I will introduce the advancement of the conventional Chinese legitimate framework to the contemporary Chinese lawful framework. Second, I will concentrate working on it of intercession, one Alternative Dispute Resolution, and the People's Mediation Committees.And at long last, I will investigate the significance of the lessons of Confucianism in the development of intervention. I. From customary Chinese lawful framework to contemporary Chinese legitimate framework Chinese history, even in the only remaining century, has experienced a few occasions which have influenced the advancement of its legal framework. Cognizant that conventional Chinese law was in reverse and that a Western legitimate framework, increasingly present day, would improve a great deal the advancement of Chinese society, Mao endeavored to build up a cutting edge lawful framework dependent on rules and law in 1949 (Utter, 1987).The Communist Party enrolled first previous patriots, who thoroughly understood the Western lawful frameworks: â€Å"To staff the new lawful framework, the Communists held various lawful authorities who had worked for the Nationalists, basically in light of the fact that the Communists didn't have inside their own positions individuals with aptitudes and information to run a complex lawful system†, however they were totally â€Å"politically untrustworthy and elitist† (Utter, 1987).The Party at that point supplanted them by â€Å"new cadres† chose for their political loyalty to the Mao government, and not for their capacities in lawful framework, â€Å"[t]he new units needed lawful abilities and knowledge† (Utter, 1987). This choice of the Chinese Mao’s government affected the improvement of the legitimate framework. They were persuaded that perplexing procedures were just weights to the modernization of the lawful framework, so they built up a framework effectively justifiable and available to the people:During the initial scarcely any long stretches of the socialist party, the â€Å"new cadres† assisted with building up law codification commissions, legal and police structures. Graduate schools opened and some lawful books were distributed. In 1954, the principal Chinese constitution which set up a tripartite legislative structure comprising of the incomparable people’s courts, the preeminent people’s procuracy, and the state gathering, all capable to the standing panel of the national people’s congress, was presented (Utter, 1987).However in 1957, the enhancements of the Chinese legitimate framework started to quit: During the counter rights development, the socialist party’s assessment towards the requirement for a â€Å"modern† lawful framework changed drastically. Numerous masters were expelled from their posts and afterward assaulted and condemned for the very arrangements they were at first held to create. Graduate schools were shut and anticipates further codification were ended. The socialist party ventured to fix and override existing laws ju st as to supplant the job of the courts and procuracy with open security agencies (Utter, 1987).After Mao’s demise in 1978, during the â€Å"Four modernizations† (in industry, horticulture, national safeguard, science and innovation in Chine), the new administration of Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997) set up the 1978 Constitution, which reestablished the rise of legal advisors, graduate schools and lawful distributions. At long last, with the proclamation of the 1990 Procedural Law of Administrative Litigation and the 1991 Civil Procedure Law, Chinese lawful framework essentially advanced to a progressively organized framework. Indeed, even with all these advancement, intercession remains the most utilized question goals process.The 1989 enactment, that set the people’s intervention advisory groups under the locale of the Ministry of Justice, permitted the cutting edge intercession framework to be progressively free, proficient and effective. Numerous cases are redirec ted from the courts and passed on intercession councils: [T]he intervention boards of trustees have settled cases covering a wide assortment of subjects, for example, separate, legacy, parental and kid support, provision, obligations, genuine property, creation, and torts, just as other common and financial questions and criminal offense cases.They have likewise assumed a significant job in forestalling wrongdoing, lessening suit in the courts, improving the people’s solidarity, and advancing social security. More than 7,000,000 questions are agreeably settled using intercession every year in China, far outperforming the quantity of cases brought to Chinese courts (Ge, 1996). In any case, this help of intercession hindered the improvement of legal law and the execute of existing laws on the grounds that the intervention method depends on nearby convictions of reasonableness and socialist thoughts. The appropriation of the 1991 Code of Civil Procedure certified the promise to intervention of China’s government.Mediation and the People’s Mediation Committee In the Chinese lawful framework, debate settlements can be grouped into two unique classifications: formal question settlement (at courts) and casual contest settlement or elective contest goals (ADR) (exchange, intercession and discretion). ADR has since a long time ago existed in China and customarily been liked to the courts for some reasons. Intervention, as one of the various methods for contest goals, is generally polished in China. To characterize it, intervention is â€Å"an exertion by an outsider to urge gatherings to a contest to intentionally agree to determine their dispute†.There are as of now different kinds of intercession in China: common intercession, legal intervention, authoritative intervention and assertion intercession. Common intercession is otherwise called the People’s intervention, by People’s Mediation Committees, outside the court. I will concentrate on it further in the article. Contrasted and legal intercession, People’s intervention offers an increasingly agreeable approach to determine debates and to maintain a strategic distance from numerous burdens of legal intercession, similar to the unbending nature of the adjudicators and arbiters in the intervention procedure. It is utilized by People’s Mediation Committees which help parties deliberately arrive at an agreement.People’s Mediation Committees (PMCs) are, with courts, the most generally known establishments for question goals in China. They are casual intervention organizations, which have been existed in China for quite a long time, permitting individuals to maintain a strategic distance from a lawful framework and court systems which have consistently been subjects of dread in the general public. Article 111 of the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China expresses that â€Å"People’s Mediation Committees are a wor king board of trustees under grassroots self-ruling associations †Residents Committee, Villagers Committee †whose crucial to intercede common disputes† China’s Judiciary, http://www. china. organization. cn). They were built up in the early long periods of the establishment of People’s Republic of China in 1949 and of its lawful framework and assisted with keeping up social control, to determine non-class-battle debates and to monitor concordance: Mediation â€Å"serves to express and apply the ideological standards, qualities and projects of the Chinese Communist Party and assists with preparing China’s individuals to build their responsibility to party strategies and goals.Rather than settling questions between people, intervention likewise serves to smother such questions, which are viewed as unsafe soc

Workshop Trip to Liberia COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Workshop Trip to Liberia COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The following entry was composed by Nora Gordon, a second year MIA student concentrating in Human Rights.   Nora spent Spring Break, and an additional week in Liberia participating in her SIPA workshop.   She is back now but wrote this while she was away. ________________________________________ I am currently working in Liberia with my workshop team on improving vocational training programs for youth in Liberia.   We are here for two weeks conducting trainings in vocational training centers about market assessment.   Our goal is to help staff and participants learn how to use a market assessment toolkit that was produced by a SIPA workshop team in 2008. Here are a few quick notes from the trip so far . . . *** We went to work on Saturday morning for a quick meeting with our supervisor.   Our project involves making a short film and other training tools for people working on job training programs for youth. We will get to visit 4 Youth Employment Program sites throughout the country. The idea is for us to help local programs figure out market needs and shape their training accordingly.   When we finished our work meeting, a Liberian guy walked into the office singing “In the jungle, the mighty jungle…” We all laughed.   He gave us a giant, gummy smile and told us his name, McNeal.   “I’m the IT guy,” he said.   We told him about our video and he was excited to be on camera.   Then we tried to find out some details about the local culture. “Do people dance a lot in Liberia?   Where do people dance?” “Whaaaaaaat?!!   You ask me this?!!   How you gonna ask me if we daaaaance?!” We laugh. “A typical Liberian will never answer a question,” McNeal explains.   If you ask “I hear in Liberia you don’t answer questions. Is this true?” We will say “Where did you receive this information!?” *** I’m finding some similarities with other places I’ve worked, like Rwanda and oddly even more with East Timor.   Maybe these are just commonalities for conflict/post-conflict zones.   But, for example, there are chips of broken glass cemented along the top of the walls surrounding residences.   There are lots of locks on every door, 24 hour guards, and in our compound there are a bunch of bars on all the windows.   We have 24 hour guards and a curfew.   We’re not supposed to even walk ten feet outside by ourselves after dark (6:30pm). I’m feeling very protected/restricted. *** Today we did our training in the field, which involves introducing a “Market Assessment Toolkit” for vocational trainers and youth.   There was a 14 year old boy named Morris in the class who asked Why is it called a toolkit?” Good question. I’d explained earlier that it was like tools in a toolbox- like a hammer, but for your brain. So one of his teachers explained that metaphor to him, and I thought, This is great, lets put him in our film!   We’re making a film as part of our project in order to help make sense of the toolkit.   As class went on, though I realized the boy was quite cross-eyed, and I thought Ugh, now if I put him on film, it will be so stereotypical, Oh look at this poor little cross-eyed African boy and people will just focus on that instead of what he’s saying.   Or else mean people might laugh. But then I thought, It’s not fair to discriminate and not put him in the video because of a physical condition. So I had this idea to pull him aside later and have him talk to the teacher so he would be looking at the teacher not the camera, and it wouldn’t be so noticeable.   It worked out nicely and is great for our project. ***

The American Revolution The Battle Of Bunker Hill

The American Revolution Following the war in a loose chronological order, the main turning points of the American Revolution began as the war itself began. Lexington and Concord, while not being â€Å"turning points† per say, were the kick-off. What followed was the erroneously name â€Å"Battle of Bunker Hill†. Bunker Hill, while not officially a ‘win† for the patriots, served two purposes. With British casualties outnumbering Colonial loses nearly 3 to 1 (1,054 British to about 400 Colonial), and Congress’ call for all able bodied men to join the militia, the war was in full swing; but it was not the warfare that the British had expected (Shi). Professor Freeman, in her lecture titled: â€Å"The Logic of a Campaign (or, How in the World Did We Win?)†, talks about â€Å"logistical† problems that the British Army faced. First and foremost was the simple problem of supply and demand; regarding both fighting men and basic supplies. England was an ocean away and America’s ports were not always welcoming. Second was the actual lay of the land. British forces were not accustomed to fighting over such a vastly spread out region, nor were the accustomed to guerilla style warfare (Freeman). So we can look at General George Washington’s tactics of â€Å"engage, retreat and exhaust the enemy†, we can look at significant battles such as Bunker Hill, Fort Ticonderoga, and most certainly the shocking outcome at Saratoga, and we clearly see that Patriot resistance to the British forces in New England and New YorkShow MoreRelatedThe Battle At Bunker Hill1255 Words   |  6 PagesThe Battle at Bunker Hill had many events leading up to, and causing the event. The first of these was the Battle at Lexington and Concord which ultimately slowed the British down and keeping them inside Boston by Minute Men. Then Fort Ticonderoga was captured by Benedict Arnold, and the Green Mountain Boys. 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Essay on public finance and policy solution gruber

Solutions and Activities to CHAPTER 13 SOCIAL SECURITY Questions and Problems 1. The government of Westlovakia has just reformed its social security system. This reform changed two aspects of the system: (1) It abolished its actuarial reduction for early retirement, and (2) it reduced the payroll tax by half for workers who continued to work beyond the early retirement age. Would the average retirement age for Weslovakian workers increase or decrease in response to these two changes, or can you tell? Explain your answer. The first policy change, abolishing the actuarial reduction, would tend to lower the average retirement age. The actuarial reduction is intended to make workers approximately indifferent between†¦show more content†¦This offset may not be huge, though. The highest-earning workers would not increase their benefits by very much due to the redistributive nature of the calculations. Low-wage earners who have zero or very-low-wage years among the 40 would have a lower average on which to base the benefit calculation. In addition, by including 5 more years, people who did not delay retirement would have an even lower calculated benefit: their lifetime average would include those low-wage summer or entry-level jobs. 4. Suppose the Social Security payroll tax was increased today to 16.4% in order to solve the 75-year fiscal imbalance in the program. Explain the effect of this change on the value of the Social Security program for persons of different ages, earning levels, and sexes. An increase in the payroll tax would reduce the value of Social Security for younger workers relative to older workers. Older workers would benefit from having a more secure plan, and they wouldn’t have to pay in at the higher rate for very long. 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It also includes the study of the determinants of demand for health itself, global public health problems, and the nonmedical inputs into health, such as a decent living standard, education, physical and social environment, and personal lifestyle choices, to the extent that they are exogenous (e. g., independent of ones health status)Read MoreThe Cause of Globalization18688 Words   |  75 PagesCAUSES OF GLOBALIZATION COMPARATIVE POLITICAL STUDIES / August-September 2000 The most important causes of globalization differ among the three major components of international market integration: trade, multinational production, and international finance. The information technology revolution has made it very difficult for governments to control cross-border capital movements, even if they have political incentives to do so. Governments can still restrict the multinationalization of production, butRead MoreSelected Topics24764 Words   |  100 Pagesexplained in the following step. Initially, this procedure involves choosing the relevant variables that individuals are must likely to use in forming expectations about monetary policy. These variables are used to estimate the anticipated portion of policy actions while the residuals represent the unanticipated portion of the policy actions. In other words, anticipated variables based on fitted values whilst unanticipated ones related with the residuals. To separate these variables into the anticipatedRead MoreA Financial Perspective on Mergers and Acquisitions and the Economy19349 Words   |  78 Pageshave assumed that the deals with no announced prices were on average equal to 20 percent of the size of the announced transactions and carried the same average premium. *Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School, and Professor of Finance and Business Administration, University of Rochester. The author is grateful for the research assistance of Michael Stevenson and the helpful comments by Sidney Davidson, Harry DeAngelo, Jay Light, Robert Kaplan, Nancy Macmillan, Kevin Murphy, Susan

Recycling Letter Free Essays

Mr. Smith: Thank you for presenting this recycling opportunity of business to the Owl Recycling Factory. The recycling and reusing of materials such as the ones that you have brought to our attention reduce pollution for our environment every day. We will write a custom essay sample on Recycling Letter or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is a slight problem, however, with the state in which your materials will be given to us. Owl Recycling Company must first separate different substances from one another before sending them out to be reused. Since the four materials in your dump truck are ground into a fine powder, the Owl Recycling Company will need to carry out a procedure other than what we normally would use to separate them. As you know, the materials included aluminum soda cans, steel cans, milk jugs, and soda bottles. We fortunately have many useful tools in our factory such as a conveyor belt, a large tank filled with water, another tanks with sugar water, powerful magnets, and nets to skim our tanks. I would like to propose to you our plan to separate your recyclable powder mixture. Due to the materials being on your property, we need your OK on our plan before we can begin our recycling work. Our plan is as follows: First of all, as the items are going down the conveyor belt, the magnets hanging above with attract all of the steel products. With those out of the way, we will be left with the aluminum, the milk jugs, and the soda bottles. The next step would be to put the remaining materials into the tank filled with sugar water. The sugar water has a density of 1. 5 g/cm^3, the soda bottles have a density of 1. g/cm^3, and the milk jugs have a density of . 95 g/cm^3. This means that these items would float and could be skimmed out by the nets. The remaining material, the aluminum cans (with a density of 2. 7 g/cm^3), would be left behind at the bottom because they are more dense than the sugar water. The skimmed out materials would then be placed into the tank filled with regular water. The density of water is 1 g. cm^3. The soda bottles would sink and the milk jugs would float and be able to be skimmed out by the nets. After these steps, all four materials would be successfully separated. The density of these products are a vital role in the separation of these materials. If a object or particle is more dense than the liquid it is placed in the item will sink, while if the object is less dense the item will float. This is how the water and the sugar water can help separate the materials remaining after the use of the magnets. We hope that you will accept our plan for separating your recyclable materials. Thank you for doing business with us to help preserve our environment. Read also: â€Å"Co Curricular Activities Letter† How to cite Recycling Letter, Essay examples

It Is Hard To Sympathize With Someone When You Have No Idea Where They

It is hard to sympathize with someone when you have no idea where they are coming from or what they are going through. It is similar experiences that allow us to extend our sincere appreciation and understanding for another human being's situations and trials of life. Anne Bradstreet's "The Author to Her Book" expresses the emotions that Bradstreet felt when her most intimate thoughts were published to the world without her consent. The average person would not see the cause for distress that Bradstreet feels in this situation. She had written a collection of near perfect poetry, which expressed her feelings in a way that the majority of women during that time did not have the talent or training to do. Many would wonder why she would be disturbed about these works being printed when they had brought many people pleasurable reading and had brought Bradstreet herself much personal fame. Therefore, Bradstreet can not just write a straightforward poem to tell how she feels about her stol en thoughts. Unless her reader happens to be a writer, he or she would not be able to sympathize with Bradstreet in this matter. Instead, she had to use a situation in which her readers could comprehend the many emotions she experienced. No doubt, many women read her poetry, and the majority of women during that time were, or would one day be mothers. This similarity opened a door for understanding. By comparing her writing to a child, Bradstreet is able to win the compassion of her readers and help them understand the feelings that she experiences. Bradstreet sees herself s the "mother" (line 23) of this work, which she calls an "ill-formed offspring" (line 1) and she gives the work many human characteristics to enhance the effect of the conceit. She says that the "child" had been by her side until "snatched from thence by friends, less wise than true" (line 3). Bradstreet's works would probably never have been published had it not been for her brother-in-law. A person she thought she could trust saw fit to take her works back to England and have them published without her consent. He took her most intimate thoughts and placed the future of them in his own hands and she was never consulted. She shares an intimacy with her work like that of a mother and child and that intimacy was infringed upon when her work was "exposed to public view" (line 4). It is because of this intrusion on that special relationship that Bradstreet experiences the feelings that follow. Ironically, in this perfect piece of poetry, the next thing she talks about is the mistakes and shame she feels at not being able to perfect the work before it was published. She compares her work to a child clothed in "rags" (line 5). She feels shame that the "errors were not lessened" (line 6) and refers to her work as a "rambling brat" who is "one unfit for light" (line 8-9) Because her "child" was taken so suddenly and without her knowledge, she had no time to correct its mistakes. She feels a sense of shame, just like a mother would feel shame for her child who has misbehaved or a child whose mother has not had proper time to train them in the correct way to behave. Her shame is not necessarily in the fact that she may have made some mistakes in her writing. A mother feels her most shame, not when a child misbehaves, but when a child misbehaves in the sight of others. This reflects badly on the mother- making it look like she does not discipline or try to correct her child. In t his same manner, Bradstreet does not feel shame because she made mistakes, because everyone makes mistakes, but instead because the mistakes in her works were made public so that "all may judge" (line 6). But just as a mother loves her child unconditionally, so Bradstreet loves her works. A child is a product of its parents and, of course, parents wish they could correct every aspect of their child that is not perfect, but they can not. There will always be some flaws, but a mother's love overlooks these. In

Essay Sample on Solar Power Research Based on the Experiment

Essay Sample on Solar Power Research Based on the Experiment Introduction Sun The heat of the sun is about equivalent to burning a billion trillion tons of coal an hour. Even though only a small fraction of that heat ever reaches the earth it is still more then enough to power the whole world. People seemed to realize the importance of the sun around 30,000 BC. This was when people first started planting crops of wheat. They realized plants did better when planted in the sun over the shade. This caused them to worship the sun as a God. Many cultures built large and extravagant temples to worship the sun in. Other cultures built places to observe the sun in, such as Stonehenge in England. Different Types of Solar Panels There are three main types of solar panels. They are flat plate collectors, focusing collectors, and solar cells. The first kind is a flat plate collector. Flat plate collectors are fastened on the top of the roof of a house. They usually either heat the house or its water. A flat plate collector consists of a black rectangular frame, two or three sheets of glass, and copper plumbing. A flat plat collector uses the greenhouse affect. The sunrays go through the glass but can’t get out through the glass. The sunrays heat the water-filled copper tubes. Then the water is used to heat the home or water. Another type of a solar panel is a focusing collector. They consist of a mirror or mirrors which are focused in one spot. Some focusing collectors are solar furnaces, parabolic dishes and troughs and power towers. The first type is a solar furnace. A solar furnace consists of many mirrors that are aimed at a large curved mirror that is aimed at a large steel building. This building can get as hot as 5,790 F. Scientists use solar furnaces to run experiments to see how certain materials react to extreme heats. They are also used industrially to melt metals. The next kind of focusing collector is a parabolic trough and dish. A parabolic dish looks just like a satellite dish except the dish part is to reflect the sunrays onto the vocal point which is filled with oil. The heated oil is used to produce steam to turn a turbine. A parabolic trough uses the same principles as a parabolic dish. The only differences are how they look, the mirror is shaped like a large feeding trough and the vocal point is an oil filled tube. These are used for either commercial such as in a power plant. The last focusing collector is a power tower. A power tower has many mirrors all focused on a large tower. This tower gets extremely hot. The tower is filled with oil. When the oil is heated it is piped to a power plant where it is used to produce steam that turns a turbine. These are used for power plants. The final type of solar panel is a solar cell. A solar cell usually consists of two layers of silicon that produce an electric charge which is picked up by wires that are laid across the silicon. Solar cells can be used for anything from powering an isolated phone booth to a whole city or even an airplane. History Solar Energy started around 30,000 BC when people first desalinized water, or took the salt out of salt water. In 1,000 BC a king had the water in his castle heated by the sun. Romans passively heated their homes in about 100 AD. In a passive solar home there is no machinery, but there are windows and the floors and windows are made of materials that absorbs heat, like adobe. Solar heating was not used until the late sixteenth century when European scientists started experimenting with the power of the sun. In 1714 many people worked together to create the world’s first solar furnace. In 1720 a Swiss scientist, Horace Benedict de Sasure, built the first modern solar water heater. In 1774 Antoine Lavoiser made a printing press powered by the sun. Later in 1880 in Chile a solar desalinization system was made. Also in 1880 the first solar cells were made. Solar cells when originally made they were very expensive and were not available on the market. Now you can buy solar cells cheaply. Current Applications Today we use solar power to do many things. We use solar power for everything from calculators to large power plants that can power large cities. Most common solar power is used for small things. Many calculators are run by solar cells so they will never run out of batteries. Some watches run on solar cells, too. Also you can buy radios that run on solar cells. There are also many big things that run on solar power. Almost all satellites run on solar power, because otherwise they would run out of power. There are also large desalinization plants that use solar power in places where there is little or no fresh water. There are solar furnaces in many countries. Solar power is also used commercially and residentially. It is also used for many forms of transportation, but these are all in the experimental stage now. Solar powered cars may soon come out. Indirect Solar Power There are three forms of indirect solar power. They are wind power, waterpower, and ocean thermal energy. You might think these have nothing to do with each other or solar power but they do, in some way they each use the sun. The first type is wind power. The reason this is a form of solar energy is because the sun heats the air that creates air currents, or wind. The wind turns propellers that turn turbines which creates electricity. Wind power has been used for a very long time. Places in Europe like the Netherlands have had windmills since the Middle Ages. Though these windmills were used to pump water or to grind grain. The next form is waterpower. This is considered solar power because of the hydrologic cycle. The hydrologic cycle is water evaporating from bodies of water then coming back to earth in different places. This allows them to go back through dams to produce electricity. The water turns turbines, which then create electricity. Waterpower is also an old process it used to be used at sawmills and to grind down grain. The last kind of indirect solar power is ocean thermal energy. Ocean thermal energy is a power plant that uses the difference between the surface temperature and the temperature of the bottom of the ocean to produce electricity. When the cool water meets the hot water it produces steam that turns a turbine to produce electricity. The electricity is then sent to land through wires. This is solar power because the sun heats it. The Solar Future Today the use of solar power is very limited. Today we use very little active solar heating. Though in the future many more homes will be solar heated. More homes will have passive solar heating. Scientists want to make a satellite that will orbit over one place. This satellite would have giant wings made of solar power, this satellite would beam electricity down to earth. This would allow the solar cells not to be obstructed by clouds or buildings. Also ground solar power plants are predicted to be used more frequently. Another thing predicted to be popular is solar powered cars. The drawback of these cars is the fact that you can only travel at high speeds for a short time and they don’t work on cloudy days. Solar powered cars are only used for racing and experiments now. I think if there is another oil crisis there will be much more use of solar power. Solar power will be given more federal funding which will increase studies. The increased studies will make solar power cheaper and more efficient. This will make solar power more available on the market. CONCLUSION I think that solar power is a good alternative energy source. It has many advantages over fossil fuels. One is that the sun is free and does not have to be bought like other fuels. It also doesn’t hurt the environment and it is a renewable energy source. There are a few drawbacks to solar power. One is that it can be expensive to make and can be hard to use on cloudy days. Solar power is also difficult and expensive to store. Another bad thing is that silicon the material that solar cells are made of can be hard to find. If there is another energy crisis like the United States experienced in the 1970’s, solar power will be greatly increased. Federal funding will be increased to promote the studies of solar power. This will make solar power more efficient which will cause it to become cheaper. After the last energy crisis, most federal funding was decreased or stopped. This is very unfortunate because solar power would be far more advanced with more funding. EXPERIMENT Hypothesis: I think that some of the water will get into the inner bowl, this water will be fresh and the salt will still be in the outer bowl. I think that it will work better on sunny days than on cloudy days. Procedure: First I mixed two cups of water with two tablespoons of salt. I put the salt water into a large aluminum bowl. Then I put a small cereal bowl into the large bowl. I covered the large bowl with plastic wrap to keep the water from evaporating out of the bowl. After the bowl was covered I put a weight on the plastic wrap so the water would drip into the cereal bowl after it evaporated. I started this experiment at seven o’clock and then took observations at three and eight; I took all three observations for five days. Observations: On the first day at three there was some water on the plastic wrap after it had evaporated. At eight most of the water on the plastic wrap had dripped into the inner bowl. That day it was sunny. At seven the next there was a little more water in the small bowl. At three that day there was a little on the plastic wrap. At eight the little water on the plastic water had gone into the cereal bowl. It was cloudy that day. In the morning at seven there was no change from the night. At three that day there was a little water on the plastic wrap. At eight most of the water on the plastic wrap was in the cereal bowl. On the fourth day at seven the rest of the water was in the cereal bowl. At three the rest of there was a little on the plastic wrap. That night at eight the rest of the water on the plastic wrap was in the cereal bowl. It was partly cloudy that day. On the last day in the morning there was no change from the night before. At three there was a little more water on the plastic wrap. The water on the plastic wrap was in the small bowl. It was partly cloudy that day. Conclusion: My hypothesis was correct, but I thought more water would be purified then actual did get purified. The water in the cereal bowl had no salt in it. This experiment proves that solar power works and that it works better with no clouds than with clouds.

Improve Business Writing Skills with the Right Measurements

Improve Business Writing Skills with the Right Measurements Improving Business Writing Skills Requires Attention to Both SubstanceandSyntax Of the many challenges a business faces when it comes to improving the business writing skills of its employees, the biggest challenge is selecting a yardstick for comparison. Since writing is a subjective skill, deciding the appropriate standard to differentiate â€Å"good† business writing from â€Å"bad† business writing is difficult. Similarly, â€Å"good business writing† appears to be a fuzzy concept thatis difficult to measure. How then,can one define and measure good business writing skills? What should be measured and what tools can help? Improving Business Writing Skills Requires Attention to Both SubstanceandSyntax Luckily, there are two important criteria to determine the effectiveness of business writing: Substance Syntax Substance refers to the content of the document. Substance includes the information contained – the facts, the findings, the requests. It’s the â€Å"meat† of the document. Syntax, on the other hand, refers to the language of the document. This includes the words, sentences, and tenses used. Syntax carries the presentation of the documentand its readability. Syntax will shape the tone of the document. In essence, syntaxcarriesthe substance. Together, substanceand syntaxare two ways to judge a business document and decide whether it is good or bad. The substance of a document is more important than the syntax. If the basic idea and information for a specificaudience for a report are unclear, for example, the report won't carry the right information the reader needs, regardless of how grammatically correct it is. If you don’t get the substance right, syntax alone cannot fix content errors or omissions. As my grandmother used to say, â€Å"You’re just putting lipstick on a pig.† Nonetheless, syntax is also important. Honing good substance in business documents should always be a primary focus in business writing training, but syntax (the language and grammar) carries the meaning. Poor syntax is very unprofessional. With the advent of new tools and technologies, measuring and improving syntax has become easier than before. Here are the two ways syntax in business writing can be measured: 1) MeasureSyntax withMicrosoft's Readability Index Most writing software (including the very popularMicrosoft Word) offers areadability tool to measure syntax. It will measureactive voice and passive voice and the simplicity orcomplexity of sentence structure throughout the business document. This tool is also useful in assessing clarity. If passive voice is high and sentence structures are complex, it's a clear indication that clarity is lacking. Readability tools provide reporting on the words per sentence used, the percentage of passive sentences, and assign a readability score and grade to the overall document. When combined with the overall document content, this score helps you determine whether the appropriate message has been communicated in the document or not. As a rule of thumb, remember these three tips: The lower the passive voice used, the better the readability score. Flesh Reading Ease score should be just above standard for a well-written business document. Flesh-Kincaid grade level tends to vary with the complexity of the document, but lower is always better in business writing. We want to express, not impress. 2) Assess Grammar withGrammar Check Another easy-to-use tool to both measure and improve syntax is to check the grammar in the document. Thanks to Microsoft Word’s grammar check, some of the proofreading requirements have been reduced. It'sineffective and boring to teach your staff how to avoid spelling mistakes when as a single red or green dotted line on the Word file highlights potential errors. Spellcheck is far from infallible, but it will flag typos. Tip: watch for grammar error patterns in your own writing, or your employee’s writing. This will diagnose individual grammar errors, allowing you to focus on improving the issues that truly need attention. Remember to focus first on substance in business writing training. Once the substance is verified, then use syntax rating tools, such as Microsoft’s Readability Index and simple grammar check to verify syntax. To learn more on how to improve business writing skills for yourself and your employees, download the guideâ€Å"Four Steps to improve your Team’s Business Writing Skills† today!

The Internet Speed and Wi-Fi Coverage at Camps and Dormitory Research Proposal

The Internet Speed and Wi-Fi Coverage at Camps and Dormitory - Research Proposal Example For instance, when some users are browsing the internet while others are downloading files such as music, movie or game, the internet connection becomes slow. Time of day also contributes to slowing down the overall speed of the internet. It is notable that when many users are online, internet connections as well as access points could become overloaded leading to delays in the response (Underdahl, 2009). Generally, when everyone is using the internet simultaneously, there would be a decrease in internet speed. The internet could also be slow because of malware/spyware infection in the machines which might be secretly utilizing the internet bandwidth. Spyware could slow the system by way of interfering with the browser and monopolizing the internet connection. Spyware essentially monitors the users’ internet usage and keystrokes, and this adds delays. This problem could be amplified whenever there are several programs of spyware which run simultaneously. The internet connectiv ity could be lost completely if the spyware/malware problem turns out to be severe enough (Purdy, 2010). Computer viruses could also result in poor internet connectivity. ... Other than slow speed of internet, weak Wi-Fi coverage is also an issue. Wi-Fi is simply a technology which enables an electronic gadget to connect to the internet or to exchange data wirelessly with the use of radio waves. Wi-Fi essentially offers wireless high-speed internet as well as network connections. Wi-Fi uses radio frequency (RF) technology, that is, a frequency that is in the electromagnetic spectrum related to radio wave propagation (Kazmeyer, 2011). It is notable that the foundation of any wireless network is an access point (AP); a device that broadcasts a wireless signal which computers could detect and then tune into. It is necessary for devices and computers to be equipped with wireless network adapters so as to connect to an AP and join a wireless network. In our dormitory and camps, there are various devices and applications which are supported by Wi-Fi including mobile phones, video game consoles, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops and operating systems s uch as Android, Windows 7 and Vista. Although there are Wi-Fi enabled devices at our dormitory and camps, there is weak Wi-Fi coverage. The devices can only connect to the internet when within a limited and short range of a wireless network. The coverage of interconnected APs, or hotspots, extends on an area of just 10 square miles – this is a very small area to meet the wireless needs of everyone residing in the camps and dormitories. Routers which integrate a cable modem or a digital subscriber line (DSL) and a Wi-Fi access point was set up at our dormitory and camps in order to provide internet access as well as internet working to every device that is connected to them, either through cable or

Topic ( Religion in tower hamlet) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Topic ( Religion in tower hamlet) - Essay Example Now I will move on to how religion affects people’s life and their health. I will investigate the impact of religion on health in the chosen Tower Hamlet. The information gathered in this essay in mainly from books and internet sources. Both health and religion in a way is a manner of coping and re-framing one’s life, bringing into it a sense of meaning and purpose. This is even more powerful when one’s life is threatened by a still uncurable disease such as HIV, in the taken case study in Tower Hamlet. The main body of my essay I will focus on Christian and Muslim modernizations in Tower Hamlet. Later, I will concentrate on religious beliefs and how they can affect health. I will also include some pictures and statistical tables reflecting some of the points that have been made. In conclusion, I will summarize the main issues addressed and provide some suggestions. The followers of a given religion are often united into a community. That is why we need to clarify the meaning of Community in Tower Hamlet. Christianity followers are referred to as Christian communities. There are various definitions of community. For the purpose of this essay I have examined the exact definition: social network of interacting individuals, usually concentrated into a defined territory’ (Stacey, 1969). This definition is most relevant in the way that it displays interest between the individuals and includes them within the same territory. On the other hand, being in the same social network does not necessarily mean that they will share the same opinion. In Christian communities, however, people follow the same religious opinion, as well as the same belief in God. Their particular social network may connect them more powerfully with people in other parts of the world. The Christian community in Tower Hamlets shares the same geographical area, but not all of them have the same

Strategic Human Resource Problems in Texas Instruments Malaysia

Strategic Human Resource Problems in Texas Instruments Malaysia Introduction Objective The objective of doing this task is to understand and analyze the strategic human resource problems in Texas Instruments Malaysia and to provide suggestions based on literature review and best practices. Company Introduction TIs innovation strategy let it leapfrog to the forefront of the chip business, where it has remained ever since Malcom Penn, CEO Electronic Engineering Times (June 2003). These are just a few words describing Texas Instruments. Texas Instruments Incorporated provides innovative DSP and analog technologies to meet our customers real world signal processing requirements. In addition to Semiconductor, the company includes the Educational Productivity Solutions business. TI is headquartered in Dallas, Texas, and has manufacturing, design or sales operations in more than 25 countries. Texas Instruments Incorporated is a company in the semiconductor industry that provides innovative semiconductor technologies to help their customers create the worlds most advanced electronics. Their analog, embedded processing and wireless technologies that is used in daily lives in many different ways, ranging from digital communications and entertainment to medical services, automotive systems and wide- ranging applications in between. TI Corporate Overview Texas Instruments in US, the headquaters (NYSE:  TXN), better known in the electronics industry (and popularly) as TI, is an American company based in Dallas, Texas, USA, renowned for developing and commercializing semiconductor and computer technology. TI is the No. 3 manufacturer of semiconductors worldwide after Intel and Samsung, and is the top supplier of chips for cellular handsets, as well as the No. 1 producer of digital signal processors (DSPs) and analog semiconductors. Other focus areas include chips for broadband modems, PC peripherals, digital consumer devices, telecommunication infrastructure, and radio frequency identification (RFID). Based on 2009 revenue for 2010 ranking, the company was listed at number 223 on the Fortune 500. Texas Instruments is also known for its values that include high ethical behavior as well as diversity. One of the programs done is called inclusiveness ensures that diversity is valued and it is the core of the TI values across all the plan ts worldwide. Company History Texas Instruments was founded by Cecil H. Green, J. Erik Jonsson, Eugene McDermott, and Patrick E. Haggerty in 1951. McDermott was one of the original founders of Geophysical Service in 1930. McDermott, Green, and Jonsson were GSI employees who purchased the company in 1941 on the day before Pearl Harbor was attacked. In November, 1945 Patrick Haggerty was hired as general manager of the Laboratory and Manufacturing (LM) division. By 1951, the LM division, with its defense contracts, was growing faster than GSIs Geophysical division. The company was reorganized and initially renamed General Instruments Inc. Because there already existed a firm named General Instrument, the company was renamed as Texas Instruments that same year. Geophysical Service Inc. became a subsidiary of Texas Instruments which it remained until early 1988, when most of GSI was sold to the Halliburton Company. Today semiconductor is the biggest business for Texas Instruments Malaysia. Vision: To be the Assembly/ Test of choice Mission: To focus on the priorities which is our customer, our business partners and our people. Market Shares Looking at the chip vendors above in 2009, Texas Instruments is one of the market dominator in the business. The others represent small companies put together. The main competitors for Texas Instruments are Freescale and ST Microelectronics. Worldwide Location of TI TI has a long-standing presence in many of the worlds major markets and has the best geographic coverage in the semiconductor industry. With manufacturing sites, sales and support offices located in Europe, Asia, Japan, and the Americas, TI can provide products and services to customers wherever they do business Global Presence: Manufacturing, design or sales operations in more than 25 countries Employment Employee Population: Approximately 27,700 worldwide Regional Employee Population: Approximately : 12,900 in US America (Texas, North Texas and Dallas area) 10,000 in Asia 2,200 in Japan 2,600 in Europe With the big number of employees in TI Malaysia, many HRM issue will become more rampant especially during policy deployment as well as during communication. TI Malaysia currently has a very good system to counter that but what is actually required to tale them to the next level? TI Product Line Semiconductors: Amplifiers Linear Clocks Timers DSP Digital Signal Processing Data Converters Interface Logic Microcontrollers (MCU) Power Management RFID Systems RF/IF ZigBee ® Solutions Switches Multiplexers Temperature Sensors Control ICs DLP ® TV, Projectors Cinema Calculators Education Technology TI Financial Performance TI has a very strong financial history and performance as per the above. With the credit crunch currently being see, there has still not been any information or new on layoffs as well as retention. TI is prepared for the rainy days as they have encountered it more than once in 1997, 2001 as well as 2009. Awards Nobel Prize Winner Jack Kilby, the father of semiconductor discovered the worlds first silicon integrated circuit (IC) while working with TI. TI was the first semiconductor company to go global. 75% of all notebook PCs in the world use TI for power management and data storage. More than half the cell phones sold worldwide use TI technology. TI invented the worlds first handheld calculator in 1967 TI has won two Emmy Awards for DLP ® technology. Business Analysis Looking at the Porters Generic strategy above, TIs strategy on going for low cost position in the market was one of the reasons why TI got such a huge market share. In this highly competitive industry, cost and the differentiation of the product will become the pillars of the industry. Todays customers are very demanding and only wants the best and the best cost. With the high quality output of TI, the brand image speaks for itself. TI Malaysia is the largest factory site in TI worldwide. TI Malaysia produces about 10 million chips per day. Methodology In doing this task, we took some different approach in understanding the issues seen in TI Malaysia. Literature review: Through general sources, we identified some Info about TI through reading as well as through the Internet. We watched a video on Youtube on the Manager of World Exploration in Search of Great Talent, a unique function of the HR in TI US to understand the corporate thought process with regards to HR since this is a multinational company. Interview session: We were very fortunate to have the opportunity to have an interview and a discussion session with former TIM HR director, Reha Abd. Razak. On what was thought to be a question and answer session turned out to be a critical discussion session about the HR policies in TI Malaysia. HR Basics Human resource management is the function performed in an organization that facilitates the most effective use of employees to achieve organizational and individual goal Performing all the functions above, HR plays a very important role in getting the right people to do the right job. Looking through the theories we learned in class, HR should not just be about data processing of the employees records. The concept today talks about SHRM rather than just HRM for the extra competitive advantage that a company needs to stay competitive. TIM HR TODAY Looking at the basic structure of the Human Resource Department in TI, we can look at 2 areas, which is the human resource planning and the talent management. Below are the processes of both the areas. Looking into the function groups in TI Malaysia under HR, we can see 4 main groups: Staffing Training Compensation and benefit Employee relation Communication Though the sections are separated in such a manner, the HR departments operative functions are realized though the following. ER and communication was one of the aspects that we looked at during this task as the section was rather new and many works were required to ensure a proper communication flow in the company. The chart below explains. TIs Employee Development Strategy Employee training and development is one of the aspects that TI looks at. When an employee comes into TI there is a perception that TI will have to change and mold to ensure that they are aligned with the company. TI believes that on job training is very important in bringing the employee to the next level as a training plan. TI uses the 70%, 20% , 10% criteria in the development of the employee in the journey in TIM. The 10% seen will be the additional development program like Masters Degree or any external technical and professional course that can help the employee to improve on based on their DPM that will be discussed under job analysis. Job Analysis Job analysis can be seen in two aspects: Job Description Is a written statement that defines the duties, relationships and results expected of anyone in the job. Job Specification Is an analysis of the kind of person it takes to do the job such as lists of qualifications and specific skills TI has a detailed database and eDPM that spells out the Job description and Job Specification of every position to be hired. This can really help in the development of an employee and will enhance the SAKA of an employee. Looking at the Individual Development Plan (IDP) illustrated, we can see that TI has developed a proper way in managing the responsibility of an employee and in making sure that the objectives is set with the function group manager in relation to the vision and mission of the company. Hiring in TI TIs hiring process relied on Interviews, Reference checks and Physical ability test and is focused on SAKA. It is always recommended to consider using Cognitive abilities test as well which includes Verbal comprehension, Quantitative ability and Reasoning ability to hire the right person. Below is the hiring process flow in TI: The hiring process is standard across the HR in the industry, but for several key positions, there might be additional steps of interview with the department head as well as the operations manager. The utilization of the headhunters is one the method in ensuring a brain gain for the company. Some very technical positions will require skill expertise and the ability of the candidate to be innovative. The hiring process will be based on SAKA approach depending on the nature of the job. A good blend of in house breed and external technical skill will be the right direction for the company to take the next step. Training in TI TI has a very well balance training and development program for its employees. The above model will show the types that are available today in TI. TI has a booklet for new hire that clearly defined the Orientation, OJT (On Job Training), General training and job specific training that they have to complete between 1 month and 2 years time frame. Thus, all employees will undergo standardize training The development will be based on the individual performance and potential. Taking an example, some Engineers are sent for Masters course than can shape them both technically as well as generic skills. Performance Management in TI TI uses the 9 cell matrix in the individual performance rating. This will help to analyze and distinguish between the potentials and the top performers in the company. This can help in ensuring the proper development program is in place for the succession planning. Focus and Recommendations Mainly through the discussion and looking at the HR systems Today, we have identified 2 areas to focus on in the current human resource system. These areas are: Necessary steps are already taken by the HR department to address the issues above but a strategic approach is required to ensure that the company will have the competitive advantage to take the next step in Strategic Human Resource Management by having the HR be approached as an integrative linkage through corporate planning. The next set of discussions will concentrate on the problem that are currently observed, some analysis and the recommended action based on the literature review. Focus #1: Communications Organizations in general are fully aware on the importance of communications. Organizations put a lot of focus and allocation to ensure that their customers, stakeholders and the public, view them positively in general. Where there are sufficient financial allocations, organizations in the public sector of the private sector would set up communications units to serve the purposes indicated. Not enough with the internal staff, organizations may engage with specialists from communications companies, known as Public Relations (PR) agency in an effort to ensure that only good and timely news about them reach the intended parties. These are carried out in support of the organizations projected sales figures and in some others, their brand recognition. Despite the well-known and highly regarded values of communication, organizations or companies in general fail to recognize and address the position of internal communications in equivalence to communications with external parties. Strategies on the best approach, time and methodology to communicate with the staff or workers are often neglected and left to be attended only on ad-hoc basis or in other words, communicate with the staff only when there is something to be announced or if there is a crisis of significant magnitude that warrants the attention of a large portion of the workforce. In a nut shell, such attention to communicating with the employees is reactive in nature, which usually is haphazard, internalized with the least interest if at all, does not invite responses from the receivers and as good as mere lip service. Any company that is able to communicate clearly with their employees is more likely to reach their objectives of existence. Communications, between employers and employees ensure that the aspiration, directions, targets and challenges the company is conveyed clearly down the hierarchy. In return, feedback or recommendations bottoms up upon reaching the management timely and concisely are more often than not valuable inputs into the companys ability to move forward. In Texas Instrument (TI) Malaysia likewise, the focus on internal communications has long been a feature in its Human Resource Department. Adjusted for the local climate but in adherence to its global standards of practice, TI continues to ensure that the employees receive clear and undistorted news and information that the leadership wishes to convey. Internal communications are often viewed as a vital avenue to firstly create a sense of belonging amongst the group of employees. Imagine the set up like TI where there are more that 4,000 workers of various ranks and job scopes from a stretched list of business units, and share the site (plant) as their second home. These workers hardly have enough chance to mingle around at the workplace to get to know each other. Well, perhaps they know they work at the same place by the site uniform that they wear. As we move further, we try to understand the communications gap between the management and the rest of the workforce. In normal daily interaction, workers spend their time communicating only with their immediate peers and bosses. Should there be lack of communications channel with the higher ups, workers often end up conveying their views only to immediate supervisors. Similarly, they solely depend on the immediate supervisors to relay any message from the higher ups downwards. In creating the sense of belonging, workers need to recognize and accept that they are a smaller part of a bigger whole. They need to function, move and strive to reach the overall objective of the company. They need to know that there is a common goal and the goal is shared across the board. They need to know that they exist in synergy and without synergy with others or if there should there be misalignments of focus, the company will not be able to meet its intended objectives and if that so happens, the entire establishment will be affected. The end result could be monetary or anything that is detrimental to the well being of the company as a whole. Thereby, companies make use of its internal communications channels as a means to ensure that the workers continue to be well informed, motivated and share the big picture. Companies understand that workers who are in positive mindsets largely contribute to sales increase, reduction in wastage, able to accept the changes the company wi shes to deploy and carry the company reputation well wherever they go. Internal communication also functions as a generator of the companies work culture. Through the various programs developed and deployed under its purview, the company is then able to eliminate any form of ambiguity amongst the workforce. This also helps to germinate and make the employees understand basic values that are accepted, functioning within a framework where they operate in. Similarly, reports have also shown that by successfully creating the values of the company, positive effects would follow suit including: Employees making correct and acceptable decisions Increase in effort and efficiency due to clear and accepted mission Reduction in operational conflicts that could affect productivity TI, as an organization that upholds the importance of internal communications has put in place several programs or initiatives with the intention to create motivated workforce and, conducive and transparent work place. Periodically, TI publishes an internal newsletter called Gema TIM where news and events revolving around the operation of TI in Malaysia are put together and disseminated to all. Staff will make use of Gema TIM to follow the activities and be inspired about the achievement of fellow workers. The newsletter could also function as a conduit for workers to excel as those who achieve certain level of expectation are normally featured in the publication. TI also established an online channel and a physical equivalent post box for its staff to share their views, recommend or even complaint about any aspect of the company. Called Hati ke HaTI or Heart to Heart, the channel allows the workers to express themselves freely without fear. It is noted that most submissions are for general development of the company as personal issues are usually discussed in person with the Human Resources officer. Possibly every quarter-year, the Senior Management of TI would host a site-meeting or open dialogue, where a huge portion of the staff strength is able to verbally converse with the bosses amicably. The Senior Management of TI make use of such platform to personally convey success, challenges and direction of the company downward. They also take the opportunity to personally give motivation to the staff should there be any need of rectification of issues or need for assurances. Overall, the Senior Management is in view that the communications channels made available, be they Gema TIM, Hati ke Hati or the site meeting are the best conduits to ensure continuous and positive staff engagement. Despite the positive effort, TI has long saddled the responsibility of ensuring optimal internal communications to be assumed only as a supplementary deliverable of its Human Resources department. Only recently that the officer made responsible for the deliverable was upgraded to a Managers position where her focus on internal communications is now made a priority, enlarged and raised in strategic importance. The group did not manage to identify the real reasons for TIs long under-priority on communications. And we are not going to debate and guess over the reasons. Perhaps what is more important is to discuss the better ways to come up with a good internal communications strategy and maybe even recommend the approach to the Senior Management at TI. We would firstly confirm that TI acknowledges the importance of internal communications in an effort to continuously create a preferred working environment that would certainly contribute to high level of motivations amongst workers, which would later translate into better efficiency resulting in higher yields and returns to the company. Similarly we would also assume that the role of internal communication in generating a positive common culture is recognized. TI thereafter would need to consider the listed steps, as recommended by Robert Bacal in his report entitled Internal Communication Strategies: The Neglected Element: 1. Identification of intended culture There is a need to clearly distinct between which culture is needed and which culture is desired. What is most important is that the culture to be created must be able to support the companys goals especially financially. TI must therefore at this stage identify a set of suitable principles, values and behaviors for its workers to embrace as the principles, values and behaviors are the colors to what will later be accepted as TIs culture. 2. Identify and utilize available Communications tools Here, TI has already established a few tools including the newsletter, online commentary channel and an open forum. In fact, we should exhaustively look at what are the available and potential tools and study the effectiveness of those tools in a high-technology dependent factory set-up like TI: Printed medium The tools included under this category are not limited to a newsletter or in-house magazines alone. Companies should understand that memos and performance appraisal documents are also effective tools in communicating its stand to the workers. Companies like TI should therefore identify any potential printed medium tool that can be used to convey its aspiration, and if the tools identified can also be used as a feedback mechanism for the employees to submit their views. b) Verbal channel Sometimes meetings and team address go a longer way that orchestrated forums or dialogue sessions. Sometimes meetings are more acceptable to those who are uneasy with large crowds. Here, TI should be able to vary the verbal channels, not necessarily to attempt to cater for all kinds of preferences but rather to consider the platforms that are most effective according to several types of behavior extrovert, introvert etc. c) Electronic channel Companies who have sufficient IT budget would usually prefer to utilize the electronic channel as one of the key mediums of communications company-wide. The cost for developing a web platform for information dissemination, for example, is almost zero as the initial investment for the channel is preliminarily for generic communications purposes, as in the case of having a telephone for all deserving staff members. Similarly, the cost to develop an online newsletter is almost negligible. As the availability of server space and internet access are considered given factors in running a technology-dependent factory, TI in this case would only need to tap into basic web development skills set amongst its workers. The online newsletter could also be positioned as a collaborative effort between the communications / human resource department with the Information Technology (IT) department. Needless to say, most young individual college-educated workers are somewhat exposed to web development as it has since become commonplace. The IT department could then assume the roles as access provider and server manager. d) Management Behavior Surprisingly the behaviors of especially the senior management members are often construed as messages from the top level for the consumption of the workforce. For example, their hesitation to allow certain programs to be deployed could then in this case be an indication of non-preference for certain operational or deployment strategies. e) Staff and Management Forums This particular tool can also be extended to include non-verbal tools like company-wide surveys. It can an effective mechanism to be used to extract certain undercurrent feelings amongst staff members i.e. on recently launched programs or new initiatives that may invite mixed reactions from various affected working groups. 3. Identify tools are most suitable for specific goals Some tools are only suitable for some selected goals and not for the others. Some tools, on the other hand, may cause backfire to the management if not properly utilized. As in the case of giving a warning or reminder to the workers on the potential of lay-offs in view of the current economic condition, TI should consider the medium where the management will be able to lay out at length the processes that are going to take place and the potential workforce that would be affected. TI would then need to also provide lengthy information on possible measures the workers could take to prepare for such event. Announcements as important as this should not be disseminated utilizing channels that will only invite anxiety amongst staffs, which would lead to immediate de-motivation and reduction in yield. 4. Develop a description of how each tool is to be used Although there are available internal communications tools, those who have been made in-charge of the tools must understand and only make use of the tool in question in-synch with the bigger goals the company wishes to pursue. For example, if the corporate level of the company wishes to invoke the inclination of its workers towards integrity at the workplace, all other messages broadcasted should be moulded with the essence on integrity. The newsletter and internal online editors in this instance must contribute more messages on integrity and not on other secondary values. Similarly, the editor of in internal newsletter for example, must be skilful enough to carve out easy to understand and non-confrontational messages to invite the fellow workers to focus on elevating integrity at the workplace instead of forcing the new focus value down their throats. 5. Plan for remediation TI should take note that whilst the company may wish to develop certain values in its staff, there are expected training, coaching and mentoring programs that need to take place so as to ensure that the intended development is met with the least number of challenges and according to the measurements i.e. time, quantity expected. Training and coaching are also very important processes to take place in instances where there are certain new skill sets (technical/non-technical) that need to be acquired by the staff for the values to be realized. 6. Plan for implementation Developing an implementation plan for effective internal communications is similar to developing other types of communication plans. In this case, TI would need to observe a few important steps and at each step, a number of pivotal questions need to be answered so that the plan developed is within the intended frame of expectation: What to communicate? The message must be very clear and is in support of the higher level goal / aspiration of the company How to communicate? Choose the most suitable tool and identify if a single or double-prong or a multiple platform approach is the most suitable judging from the value of the message. Who will do it? The officer in-charge must firstly carry a high level of trust amongst workers and can continue to follow-up on it should that be required. When will it be done? The timing must be correct in consideration of i.e. landmark events, celebrative moments, economic situation etc. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.and last but not the least, TI or any other companies deploying an internal communications agenda must remember that the initiative is continuous in nature and not a mere one-off or ad-hoc program. 7. Implement 8. Continuous Monitoring and Revise/Realign the Strategy or Approach if necessary The plan would require continuous monitoring in ensuring its success. And TI would need to realign the plan according to any changes in its corporate values, mission or in view of the changes in the industry. Remember, any strategy is dynamic and will require revision to cater for changes that take place. Focus#2: Talent retention Speaking about talent retention and people cannot help to wonder if the talent retention would become a major task for HR especially in an fluctuation of economic situation like this. The semiconductor industry will normally face a cycle of recession every 10 years once and given the reckless spending habits of the people is US, the economic situation has become worse. TI can be facing a brain drain problem if they did not take measures in ensuring the right talent remains in TI Malaysia. The article above speaks about truth on why an employee would leave a company. During the interview session, the HR director categorized it into two parts which is the push and pull factor. Some of the push factors seen in are frustration, not recognized, boring and lack of succession planning. Frustration: Happens when an employee feels that he is not getting what he needs and what he deserves. This ties back directly to the motivation concept. Motivation is defined as the account for an individual intensity, direction, and persistence of effort towards attaining a goal. Not recognized: Not recognized talks about the backroom boys or the busy bees who does everything but just do not get the deserved attention nor recognition. Looking at the Maslows hierarchy of Needs, the high order needs talks about esteem and self-actualization. In attaining a corporate goal set by the company, it is very important for an employee to feel needed and part of the company rather than just another employee. As mentioned earlier, the communication done by the site meetings with the whole factory helps translate the business goals into everyday work for the staff. There will however still be some that suffers from the middle child syndrome and decide to leave. Lack of succession planning: As we have seen in the case of Mohapatra, succession plans really helps to ensure that the candidate is really ready to take on such a challenge. Taking some departments in TI, which are support groups, the possibility of expansion is low and ladder is harder to climb, as they are already only a support function to the company. In these cases, if the employee is already working 7 years on the same position and the manager has another 10 years to go, the lack of succession planning can be the push factor that the employee starts updating their resume and looking for another job. The ability for the company to se their talent is very crucial to ensure that these candidates can be groome

How to Gain Weight Eating Healthy Food

Goal: How to gain weight eating healthy food? I want to improve my physical wellness by gaining weight while staying healthy. Behavior Strategy: I. Gather data on what type of food is fattening, but in a healthy way. II. Get help from a nutritionist to make sure I eat healthy foods, but that will also make me gain weight. III. Make a schedule / meal plan to make sure I get more than enough calories on a daily basis. IV. I make a goal for myself to gain ten pounds in six months. Journal Articles Article 1: â€Å"What to Eat to Gain weight-The healthy Way†In Glamour magazine, I found this article â€Å"What to Eat to Gain Weight—The Healthy Way†. This article shows how a person can improve her life style eating healthier, but still gaining weight. One of Glamour’s fashion interns, Ashley, tried a new diet with the help of Rachel Beller, a nutritionist. Rachel looked at her daily choices of food, and made a schedule for Rachel to improve her diet to eat healt hier, but still intake enough calories to gain weight. Ashley will change all her daily habits, and adopt a whole new diet rich in proteins and carbohydrates.Rachel Beller said that Ashley has the right approach in order to gain weight, because she eats three meals and two snacks a day, which is exactly what to do in order to gain weight, she says. Besides, Rachel says that Ashley eats the right amount of calories, but her food choices are too high in simple carbohydrates and unhealthy saturated fats. The nutritionist advises to focus instead in foods with high fiber cereals for breakfast, and high calorie, nutrient-dense meals for lunch and dinner. She also insists in eating whole grain carbs, which have the same amount of calories than regular carbs, however with more fibers.Also, Rachel points out that most people thing in volume when they want to gain weight. The key in gaining weight is choosing low-volume high-calorie snacks, such as granola, nuts, and pretzels, among others. This article I found extremely interesting because it completely applies to my health goal. I used to think gaining weight came along when you eat a lot of food. Reading this made me realize that the quality of food is more important than the quantity. This is the key to my problem. I found it very inconvenient to eat a lot of food all day every day, because I’m not a big eater.Knowing that I can eat a normal amount of food and still can weight makes me think that I can finally reach my goal weight. Rachel Beller made a meal plan suggestion that I already started to apply in my daily habits. It is not constraining, and I really start to find a difference in my life. I don’t fell stressed anymore if I don’t eat a lot because I’m running around too much. I know that what I eat is high in calories protein, and fiber, which will help me maintain or gain weight. Plus, I can finally work out without worrying about losing weight if I don’t indulge in a go od amount of food.Article 2: â€Å"Healthy Foods to Help You Gain Weight† On the website About. com I found an article called â€Å"Healthy Foods to Help You Gain Weight†. This article breaks down the different types of food that are rich in calories. It is said that if you want to gain weight you have to add extra calories in your diet. However, instead of indulging in junk food, instead you should choose foods that are nutrient dense and energy dense. The article shows eight different foods that are fattening but high in good calories.It says, if you want to make good choices while gaining weight you need to focus in nutrient dense calories, which are: Bagels, Pasta, Dried Fruits, Healthy Oils, Avocados, Nuts and Seeds, Granola, and Fruit juice. Most of these foods are extremely healthy, while giving enough nutrients to your body on a daily basis. If you stick with a diet including high fibers, and nutrient, your body mass will increase over time. This article really opened my horizons in what type of food I should eat to reach my goal. I used to have no idea what kinds of foods were rich in calories but healthy.Now I can apply what the article says into my diet. I used to eat a lot of things for breakfast but that were just high in energy without giving me any fat. Now I can eat a bagel with granola and fruit juice, and have a lot more calories for breakfast than I used to. This list of foods has made it so much easier for me to reach my goal without stressing over the amount that I eat and what I eat. Now I have a meal plan for my everyday meals, and it includes all these foods. I just stick with my plan and see how it goes. Right now, I already feel so much better, and I already see a difference in y body. I fill my clothes better than I used to, and to me it’s so motivating to keep up my efforts. Current event articles Article 1: â€Å"Using a weight gain diet to Increase Body Mass Quickly† According to the article, â€Å"Usi ng a weight gain diet to Increase Body Mass Quickly† from the website weight gain diet; it is important to dissociate gaining weight and junk food. The author points out that usually most people think of gaining weight by indulging in sugar and fat. However, even for skinny people it isn’t the right choice to decide to eat about anything in order to gain weight.Underweight people are still at risk if binging on fatty foods, meaning they can get diseases such as cholesterol. That is why it is important to know what to eat in order to gain healthy weight. The foods promoting weight gain are the one rich in protein. However, there are proteins healthier than others. For instance, fish proteins are healthier than red meat proteins. Also, fruits are good to include in a diet, along with vegetables. It is also important to stick with whole grains which are the healthiest. In addition, most people looking to gain weight avoid working out because they think they will burn the c alories needed to gain weight.However, according to the author, this is a myth. Exercising is very important for maintaining a healthy body, and even though someone is trying to gain weight it is important to include exercising in ones diet. In my case, I found this article extremely helpful for my objective. I would usually try to indulge in high protein foods such as beef, chicken and cheese without even knowing that there are unhealthier proteins than others. Also, I would eat regular dairy products without being aware that low fat dairy products weren’t just for losing weight diets.Besides, vegetables can also be a good source of proteins. I thought all vegetables were good for their nutritious factors only, but not for gaining weight. It appears that beans and lentils are extremely good sources of proteins. Another false idea I had before reading this article was, working out isn’t good if you want to gain weight. A year ago, I started to go to the gym five days a week. I realized after few weeks of daily work out that I lost a good amount of weight, so I stopped working out. I wasn’t eating the right type of food, rich in good carbs and proteins.According to the article, it is essential to exercise during a weight gaining diet, because it helps burn the fat that isn’t good for your body. Now that I know what types of food are nutrient dense, I will include a daily workout routine in my weight gaining diet. Article 2: â€Å"Healthy Eating & Diet-Healthy Ways to Gain Weight† Kathleen M. Zelman explains the different ways to gain weight while making good choices. She thinks being a little underweight isn’t a problem health wise; however, it can be an issue if a person doesn’t feel comfortable and would like to look a bit fuller.Doctor Zelman insists on the fact that even skinny people should be cautious of their food choices, and wanting to gain weight â€Å"is not about bellying up to an all-you-can-eat buf fet†. Gaining weight comes when you go for nutrient rich foods. High calories foods are essential, but nutrients are even more. It is important to stay away from sugar, fat and empty calories foods. However, fat is important to gain weight but not all fats are good for you. For instance, fat from nuts are healthier than fat from meat. Also, it is primordial to eat often, like six meals a day, which are three meals and two snacks.Moreover, when exercising, it is imperative to indulge in more calories than usual. If you want to gain weight eating more calories than your body will burn is essential. Also, high protein foods are a good choice, because it helps your muscles recover faster. These foods are fish, lean meats, poultry, legumes, eggs, and whole grains, among others. If a person doesn’t eat enough because of a lack of appetite, eating foods that you like or spicing up bland food can help. This article was very informative. Now, I have all the keys to gain weight. I need to eat often, choose high nutrient foods, and exercise.I used to think three meals a day were enough. However, snacks are considered mini meals. Snacking isn’t only negative. If you make good choices snaking helps with the process of gaining weight. Also, I’m the type of person who won’t feel hungry at all time. According to Doctor Zelman, it is important to lean toward the foods that are in your liking, or using spices to add up some taste on foods that are bland. Very often I feel hungry but I don’t know what I want so I end up not eating. Now, I know what types of food are rich in nutrients, and that I like, so I can stick with these when I don’t feel very hungry.Gaining weight is all about making a new routine for yourself, and knowing what is good for you. Objective Research Most people don’t realize that sometimes it can be much easier to lose weight than to gain weight. Most people that struggle with their weight would want to look healthier and fuller. It is not easy to gain weight and most people that want to lose weight don’t understand it. The majority of people that are overweight don’t understand people who want to gain weight, and think that they are just seeking attention. Yes, it is unhealthy to be overweight, yet, being underweight can be as unhealthy.According to Beth W. Orenstein from the article How to Gain Healthy weight, â€Å"Depending on how underweight you are, it could be just as unhealthy as being overweight†. People usually hear about the health risks of being overweight. However, nobody really hears about the health risks of being underweight. Most people have misconception on the way you are supposed to look, and are driven to lose weight because of the media. Every day, when watching TV, the stick thin figures of models, and other celebrities, are advertised all over. For most people, being thin is how everyone is supposed to look.It became the norm of how soci ety perceives how people should look. However, according to the article, what are the health risks of being underweight? Lillian Downey tells us that being underweight comes with severe health issues. It can cause infertility in women, osteoporosis, and decrease immune function. In the article Lillian says that â€Å"low body weight, intense, prolonged physical activity, low calorie and nutrient restricted diets often cause women to stop ovulating and menstruating†. This affects the functioning of the reproductive system.Moreover, poor nutrient intake, and low body mass affect bones’ health. People that are underweight have more fragile bones. â€Å"Persons who are severely underweight may suffer from loss of muscle mass, which supports bones and joints, and helps prevent bone breaks, dislocations and fractures†. Lastly, the immune system is affect by low body mass. Low consumption of fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals weakens normal immune function, says Ms . Downey. Being underweight has other side effects. It can be dangerous to be underweight depending on how underweight you are.According to the article Dangers of Underweight, the negative effects are: Prone to infection (comprised immune system), Low muscle mass, Hair loss, Irregular hormone regulation, Osteoporosis, Anemia, Pregnancy complications (or inability to get pregnant), Menstrual irregularities. People have misconceptions about skinny people. They think that everyone wants to be thin, so why someone would possibly want to gain weight. People need to realize that skinny isn’t the way to be. It can be very unhealthy, and bring serious health issues.They drive to diet because they want to be â€Å"normal†, which means get to the status of Hollywood, and what the media portrays about what it is to be beautiful. In America, people are really into the whole glamour scene of Hollywood celebrities. They look up to these celebrities and see them as their role model. This means being thin is the way to go, and is how people is supposed to look like. It is important for people to take care of their body, and be more health conscious. Being overweight or underweight can be equally as unhealthy. Eating right is more important than ever. The way you look is subjective to what you eat.So instead of doing drastic changes to gain weight, it is important to eat well. Loading in junk food will bring you the calories that you are supposed to take per day; however, it won’t be good calories. Eating well and nutrient dense foods, will help you can weight in the wanted areas of your body. This will avoid building fat around the belt area. Summary and Conclusion This project successfully broadened my horizon in being food health conscious. All my life I dreamed about having a fuller figure. I wanted to fill my clothes with more curves. I rapidly understood how much of a struggle gaining weight can be.Everyone around me always told me â€Å"why do you want to gain weight while everyone wants to lose weight? † I never really could open up about my issue because no one could understand it. Today, I finally made the decision of changing my lifestyle to the better. All my researches talked about similar ways to gain weight. This includes mainly eating more often, eating nutrient dense foods, and exercising. Since January I have been following this gain weight diet, and surprisingly for the first time in my life it worked. In three month and a half I gained eight pounds. My goal was to gain ten pounds, but I’m really happy about the outcome.I would have never thought I could gain this much in a little time. My daily routine was to eat three nice meals per day, and two snakes. For breakfast, I always eat a whole grain bagel with butter, oatmeal with raisins in it, and two eggs. For lunch and dinner I always eat at least one kind of vegetables with meat of fish, and carbs such as pasta, or rice. I also snack on nuts a lot. I always carry almonds, pistachios or cashew in my bag, if I don’t have much time. If I have time I make myself smoothies with at least three types of fruit with milk, and orange juice, and I also add two scoops of vanilla ice-cream.Also, I make myself peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, or I eat Greek yogurts. Even if I’m not hungry I force myself to eat at least a yogurt for a snack or a banana. This project was extremely successful for me. I have a whole new health conscious routine that I will keep forever from now on. I’m today weighing 118 pounds, and would like to be 125 pounds. As soon as I will reach my ideal weight I will keep eating healthy but I won’t stress so much on eating fatty foods. Bibliography * Arrue, Karina. â€Å"What to Eat to Gain Weight-The Healthy Way. † Glamour (2009). * Column, Kathleen M. Zelman, MPH, RD, WebMD Expert. Healthy Ways to Gain Weight. † WebMD. WebMD. Web. 30 Apr. 2012. . * â€Å"Using Weight Gain Di et to Increase Body Mass Quickly. † Weight Gain Diet. 2012. Web. * Jegtvig, Shereen. â€Å"Healthy Foods to Help You Gain Weight. † About. com Nutrition. 12 Feb. 2012. Web. . * Gidus, Tara. â€Å"Dangers of Underweight. † Medical Information for Healthy Living. Web. 30 Apr. 2012. . * Downey, Lillian. â€Å"What Are the Health Risks of Being How to Gain Weight Eating Healthy Food Goal: How to gain weight eating healthy food? I want to improve my physical wellness by gaining weight while staying healthy. Behavior Strategy: I. Gather data on what type of food is fattening, but in a healthy way. II. Get help from a nutritionist to make sure I eat healthy foods, but that will also make me gain weight. III. Make a schedule / meal plan to make sure I get more than enough calories on a daily basis. IV. I make a goal for myself to gain ten pounds in six months. Journal Articles Article 1: â€Å"What to Eat to Gain weight-The healthy Way†In Glamour magazine, I found this article â€Å"What to Eat to Gain Weight—The Healthy Way†. This article shows how a person can improve her life style eating healthier, but still gaining weight. One of Glamour’s fashion interns, Ashley, tried a new diet with the help of Rachel Beller, a nutritionist. Rachel looked at her daily choices of food, and made a schedule for Rachel to improve her diet to eat healt hier, but still intake enough calories to gain weight. Ashley will change all her daily habits, and adopt a whole new diet rich in proteins and carbohydrates.Rachel Beller said that Ashley has the right approach in order to gain weight, because she eats three meals and two snacks a day, which is exactly what to do in order to gain weight, she says. Besides, Rachel says that Ashley eats the right amount of calories, but her food choices are too high in simple carbohydrates and unhealthy saturated fats. The nutritionist advises to focus instead in foods with high fiber cereals for breakfast, and high calorie, nutrient-dense meals for lunch and dinner. She also insists in eating whole grain carbs, which have the same amount of calories than regular carbs, however with more fibers.Also, Rachel points out that most people thing in volume when they want to gain weight. The key in gaining weight is choosing low-volume high-calorie snacks, such as granola, nuts, and pretzels, among others. This article I found extremely interesting because it completely applies to my health goal. I used to think gaining weight came along when you eat a lot of food. Reading this made me realize that the quality of food is more important than the quantity. This is the key to my problem. I found it very inconvenient to eat a lot of food all day every day, because I’m not a big eater.Knowing that I can eat a normal amount of food and still can weight makes me think that I can finally reach my goal weight. Rachel Beller made a meal plan suggestion that I already started to apply in my daily habits. It is not constraining, and I really start to find a difference in my life. I don’t fell stressed anymore if I don’t eat a lot because I’m running around too much. I know that what I eat is high in calories protein, and fiber, which will help me maintain or gain weight. Plus, I can finally work out without worrying about losing weight if I don’t indulge in a go od amount of food.Article 2: â€Å"Healthy Foods to Help You Gain Weight† On the website About. com I found an article called â€Å"Healthy Foods to Help You Gain Weight†. This article breaks down the different types of food that are rich in calories. It is said that if you want to gain weight you have to add extra calories in your diet. However, instead of indulging in junk food, instead you should choose foods that are nutrient dense and energy dense. The article shows eight different foods that are fattening but high in good calories.It says, if you want to make good choices while gaining weight you need to focus in nutrient dense calories, which are: Bagels, Pasta, Dried Fruits, Healthy Oils, Avocados, Nuts and Seeds, Granola, and Fruit juice. Most of these foods are extremely healthy, while giving enough nutrients to your body on a daily basis. If you stick with a diet including high fibers, and nutrient, your body mass will increase over time. This article really opened my horizons in what type of food I should eat to reach my goal. I used to have no idea what kinds of foods were rich in calories but healthy.Now I can apply what the article says into my diet. I used to eat a lot of things for breakfast but that were just high in energy without giving me any fat. Now I can eat a bagel with granola and fruit juice, and have a lot more calories for breakfast than I used to. This list of foods has made it so much easier for me to reach my goal without stressing over the amount that I eat and what I eat. Now I have a meal plan for my everyday meals, and it includes all these foods. I just stick with my plan and see how it goes. Right now, I already feel so much better, and I already see a difference in y body. I fill my clothes better than I used to, and to me it’s so motivating to keep up my efforts. Current event articles Article 1: â€Å"Using a weight gain diet to Increase Body Mass Quickly† According to the article, â€Å"Usi ng a weight gain diet to Increase Body Mass Quickly† from the website weight gain diet; it is important to dissociate gaining weight and junk food. The author points out that usually most people think of gaining weight by indulging in sugar and fat. However, even for skinny people it isn’t the right choice to decide to eat about anything in order to gain weight.Underweight people are still at risk if binging on fatty foods, meaning they can get diseases such as cholesterol. That is why it is important to know what to eat in order to gain healthy weight. The foods promoting weight gain are the one rich in protein. However, there are proteins healthier than others. For instance, fish proteins are healthier than red meat proteins. Also, fruits are good to include in a diet, along with vegetables. It is also important to stick with whole grains which are the healthiest. In addition, most people looking to gain weight avoid working out because they think they will burn the c alories needed to gain weight.However, according to the author, this is a myth. Exercising is very important for maintaining a healthy body, and even though someone is trying to gain weight it is important to include exercising in ones diet. In my case, I found this article extremely helpful for my objective. I would usually try to indulge in high protein foods such as beef, chicken and cheese without even knowing that there are unhealthier proteins than others. Also, I would eat regular dairy products without being aware that low fat dairy products weren’t just for losing weight diets.Besides, vegetables can also be a good source of proteins. I thought all vegetables were good for their nutritious factors only, but not for gaining weight. It appears that beans and lentils are extremely good sources of proteins. Another false idea I had before reading this article was, working out isn’t good if you want to gain weight. A year ago, I started to go to the gym five days a week. I realized after few weeks of daily work out that I lost a good amount of weight, so I stopped working out. I wasn’t eating the right type of food, rich in good carbs and proteins.According to the article, it is essential to exercise during a weight gaining diet, because it helps burn the fat that isn’t good for your body. Now that I know what types of food are nutrient dense, I will include a daily workout routine in my weight gaining diet. Article 2: â€Å"Healthy Eating & Diet-Healthy Ways to Gain Weight† Kathleen M. Zelman explains the different ways to gain weight while making good choices. She thinks being a little underweight isn’t a problem health wise; however, it can be an issue if a person doesn’t feel comfortable and would like to look a bit fuller.Doctor Zelman insists on the fact that even skinny people should be cautious of their food choices, and wanting to gain weight â€Å"is not about bellying up to an all-you-can-eat buf fet†. Gaining weight comes when you go for nutrient rich foods. High calories foods are essential, but nutrients are even more. It is important to stay away from sugar, fat and empty calories foods. However, fat is important to gain weight but not all fats are good for you. For instance, fat from nuts are healthier than fat from meat. Also, it is primordial to eat often, like six meals a day, which are three meals and two snacks.Moreover, when exercising, it is imperative to indulge in more calories than usual. If you want to gain weight eating more calories than your body will burn is essential. Also, high protein foods are a good choice, because it helps your muscles recover faster. These foods are fish, lean meats, poultry, legumes, eggs, and whole grains, among others. If a person doesn’t eat enough because of a lack of appetite, eating foods that you like or spicing up bland food can help. This article was very informative. Now, I have all the keys to gain weight. I need to eat often, choose high nutrient foods, and exercise.I used to think three meals a day were enough. However, snacks are considered mini meals. Snacking isn’t only negative. If you make good choices snaking helps with the process of gaining weight. Also, I’m the type of person who won’t feel hungry at all time. According to Doctor Zelman, it is important to lean toward the foods that are in your liking, or using spices to add up some taste on foods that are bland. Very often I feel hungry but I don’t know what I want so I end up not eating. Now, I know what types of food are rich in nutrients, and that I like, so I can stick with these when I don’t feel very hungry.Gaining weight is all about making a new routine for yourself, and knowing what is good for you. Objective Research Most people don’t realize that sometimes it can be much easier to lose weight than to gain weight. Most people that struggle with their weight would want to look healthier and fuller. It is not easy to gain weight and most people that want to lose weight don’t understand it. The majority of people that are overweight don’t understand people who want to gain weight, and think that they are just seeking attention. Yes, it is unhealthy to be overweight, yet, being underweight can be as unhealthy.According to Beth W. Orenstein from the article How to Gain Healthy weight, â€Å"Depending on how underweight you are, it could be just as unhealthy as being overweight†. People usually hear about the health risks of being overweight. However, nobody really hears about the health risks of being underweight. Most people have misconception on the way you are supposed to look, and are driven to lose weight because of the media. Every day, when watching TV, the stick thin figures of models, and other celebrities, are advertised all over. For most people, being thin is how everyone is supposed to look.It became the norm of how soci ety perceives how people should look. However, according to the article, what are the health risks of being underweight? Lillian Downey tells us that being underweight comes with severe health issues. It can cause infertility in women, osteoporosis, and decrease immune function. In the article Lillian says that â€Å"low body weight, intense, prolonged physical activity, low calorie and nutrient restricted diets often cause women to stop ovulating and menstruating†. This affects the functioning of the reproductive system.Moreover, poor nutrient intake, and low body mass affect bones’ health. People that are underweight have more fragile bones. â€Å"Persons who are severely underweight may suffer from loss of muscle mass, which supports bones and joints, and helps prevent bone breaks, dislocations and fractures†. Lastly, the immune system is affect by low body mass. Low consumption of fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals weakens normal immune function, says Ms . Downey. Being underweight has other side effects. It can be dangerous to be underweight depending on how underweight you are.According to the article Dangers of Underweight, the negative effects are: Prone to infection (comprised immune system), Low muscle mass, Hair loss, Irregular hormone regulation, Osteoporosis, Anemia, Pregnancy complications (or inability to get pregnant), Menstrual irregularities. People have misconceptions about skinny people. They think that everyone wants to be thin, so why someone would possibly want to gain weight. People need to realize that skinny isn’t the way to be. It can be very unhealthy, and bring serious health issues.They drive to diet because they want to be â€Å"normal†, which means get to the status of Hollywood, and what the media portrays about what it is to be beautiful. In America, people are really into the whole glamour scene of Hollywood celebrities. They look up to these celebrities and see them as their role model. This means being thin is the way to go, and is how people is supposed to look like. It is important for people to take care of their body, and be more health conscious. Being overweight or underweight can be equally as unhealthy. Eating right is more important than ever. The way you look is subjective to what you eat.So instead of doing drastic changes to gain weight, it is important to eat well. Loading in junk food will bring you the calories that you are supposed to take per day; however, it won’t be good calories. Eating well and nutrient dense foods, will help you can weight in the wanted areas of your body. This will avoid building fat around the belt area. Summary and Conclusion This project successfully broadened my horizon in being food health conscious. All my life I dreamed about having a fuller figure. I wanted to fill my clothes with more curves. I rapidly understood how much of a struggle gaining weight can be.Everyone around me always told me â€Å"why do you want to gain weight while everyone wants to lose weight? † I never really could open up about my issue because no one could understand it. Today, I finally made the decision of changing my lifestyle to the better. All my researches talked about similar ways to gain weight. This includes mainly eating more often, eating nutrient dense foods, and exercising. Since January I have been following this gain weight diet, and surprisingly for the first time in my life it worked. In three month and a half I gained eight pounds. My goal was to gain ten pounds, but I’m really happy about the outcome.I would have never thought I could gain this much in a little time. My daily routine was to eat three nice meals per day, and two snakes. For breakfast, I always eat a whole grain bagel with butter, oatmeal with raisins in it, and two eggs. For lunch and dinner I always eat at least one kind of vegetables with meat of fish, and carbs such as pasta, or rice. I also snack on nuts a lot. I always carry almonds, pistachios or cashew in my bag, if I don’t have much time. If I have time I make myself smoothies with at least three types of fruit with milk, and orange juice, and I also add two scoops of vanilla ice-cream.Also, I make myself peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, or I eat Greek yogurts. Even if I’m not hungry I force myself to eat at least a yogurt for a snack or a banana. This project was extremely successful for me. I have a whole new health conscious routine that I will keep forever from now on. I’m today weighing 118 pounds, and would like to be 125 pounds. As soon as I will reach my ideal weight I will keep eating healthy but I won’t stress so much on eating fatty foods. Bibliography * Arrue, Karina. â€Å"What to Eat to Gain Weight-The Healthy Way. † Glamour (2009). * Column, Kathleen M. Zelman, MPH, RD, WebMD Expert. Healthy Ways to Gain Weight. † WebMD. WebMD. Web. 30 Apr. 2012. . * â€Å"Using Weight Gain Di et to Increase Body Mass Quickly. † Weight Gain Diet. 2012. Web. * Jegtvig, Shereen. â€Å"Healthy Foods to Help You Gain Weight. † About. com Nutrition. 12 Feb. 2012. Web. . * Gidus, Tara. â€Å"Dangers of Underweight. † Medical Information for Healthy Living. Web. 30 Apr. 2012. . * Downey, Lillian. â€Å"What Are the Health Risks of Being